To Get Windows Version as String:
(Get-WmiObject -class Win32_OperatingSystem).Caption
[deesee1]: PS C:\Users\kimconnect> (Get-WmiObject -class Win32_OperatingSystem).Caption

Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 Standard
To Get Windows Version as Release Number:
[System.Environment]::OSVersion
[deesee1]: PS> [System.Environment]::OSVersion

Platform ServicePack Version VersionString
-------- ----------- ------- -------------
Win32NT 6.3.9600.0 Microsoft Windows NT 6.3.9600.0
PS C:\> [System.Environment]::OSVersion.Version

Major  Minor  Build  Revision
-----  -----  -----  --------
6      1      7601   65536
[deesee1]: PS> $env:OS
Windows_NT