Disk Partitioning & Formatting Reference

Refer to this table as a reference on sector/cluster size leading to maximum storage per LUN:

Cluster size	NTFS Max Size
512 bytes	2,199,023,255,040 (2TB)
1024 bytes	4,398,046,510,080 (4TB)
2048 bytes	8,796,093,020,160 (8TB)
4096 bytes	17,592,186,040,320 (16TB) Default cluster size
8192 bytes	35,184,372,080,640 (32TB)
16384 bytes	70,368,744,161,280 (64TB)
32768 bytes	140,737,488,322,560 (128TB)
65536 bytes	281,474,976,654,120 (256TB)

On Partitioning, the caveat is that we cannot use MBR as its limitation is (2^32)-1 sectors * 512 bytes/cluster = 2,199,023,255,040 bytes or 2TB. Instead, we use GPT (Guid Partition Table). GPT uses 64 bits for logical block addresses, allowing a maximum disk size of 264 sectors. For disks with 512-byte sectors, the maximum size is 9.4 ZB (9.4 × 10²¹ bytes) or 8 ZiB (264 sectors × 29bytes per sector). Booting on a GPT disk may require UEFI and 64bit OS. If such disk is dedicated as storage, then GTP trumps MBR.

On Formatting, “NTFS maximum theoretical limit on the size of individual files is 16 EiB (16 × 10246 or 264 bytes) minus 1 KB, which totals 18,446,744,073,709,550,592 bytes. With Windows 10 version 1709 and Windows Server 2019, the maximum implemented file size is 8 PB minus 2 MB or 9,007,199,252,643,840 bytes.”  Please note that Windows 2016 Server are having these limitations, also. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NTFS)

Reference table from :